INCI declaration of the ingredients:

Aqua, Glycerin, Alcohol, Urea, Panthenol, Sodium Lactate, Acetyl Glucosamine, Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate, Niacinamide, Lactic Acid, Sodium Hyaluronate, Allantoin, Sodium Hydroxide

Further explanations of the ingredients:

Aqua:
Water. It accounts for around 65% of the weight of the human body and is therefore of fundamental importance for bodily functions, including those of the skin. In many cosmetic products (aqueous solutions, cleansers, emulsions), water is the ingredient with the largest proportion of the formulation in terms of quantity and forms the basis of the aqueous phase in emulsions. Water is a good solvent for polar (hydrophilic) substances such as alcohols, water-soluble vitamins or salts. For use in cosmetic products, the water used is generally pre-treated to remove microorganisms that could lead to spoilage of the product or dissolved salts that may impair the stability of emulsions or gels (sterilization and desalination).

Alcohol:
Ethyl alcohol: Body identical. Has a refreshing and antibacterial effect. Also serves as a solvent for other ingredients. Contrary to claims to the contrary, there is no risk of a drying effect on the skin at normal application concentrations!

Urea:
The water-soluble urea is used in numerous cosmetic products. Urea is a component of the natural moisturising factors of the horny layer (content between 7 % and 12 %; up to half lower in chronically dry skin) and has a high water-binding capacity. It contributes to sustained moisturisation of the skin and reduces transepidermal water loss. Urea has a keratoplastic effect, in higher concentrations it has a keratolytic effect and is therefore also used in the care of skin affected by psoriasis or atopic dermatitis (neurodermatitis). Urea is also able to reduce the irritating potential of surfactants.

Panthenol:
D-panthenol = provitamin B5: Improves and increases the skin's ability to retain moisture, has an anti-inflammatory effect, reduces or inhibits itching. Stimulation of epithelialization: Small wounds (shaving), skin abrasions, blisters heal better. When used in hair care products, it is not only deposited on the hair and scalp, it also penetrates them and has a long-term effect. As pantothenic acid is an important component of healthy hair, the precursor D-panthenol serves as “food for the hair” according to scientific studies. It provides the hair with long-lasting moisture, improves the combability of the hair, reduces the formation of split ends, improves the condition of damaged hair, thickens the hair and gives it shine. The brittleness of fingernails is reduced.

Sodium Lactate:
Sodium salt of lactic acid: Has a moisturising effect on the skin, with the physiological pH value of the skin averaging 5.5. Important component of the natural moisturising factor (NMF) and the acid mantle of the skin.

Acetyl Glucosamine:
Glucosamine is a building block of the body's own hyaluronic acid and also promotes the natural formation of new hyaluronic acid, which sustainably improves skin hydration. The skin is smoothed and wrinkles are reduced. Glucosamine also helps to reduce hyperpigmentation and leads to accelerated renewal of the skin surface (e.g. in the case of cornification disorders). Particularly suitable as an anti-ageing ingredient; to improve the appearance of dry and/or flaky skin as well as hyperpigmentation.

Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate:
Highly effective antioxidant and vitamin C donor for the skin Storage form of vitamin C as a phosphate ester. Water-soluble vitamin with antioxidant properties. It acts against cell-damaging free radicals, protects unsaturated fatty acids from oxidation, is essential for the formation of collagen and thus the entire connective tissue as well as for the function of the immune system. Together with vitamin E, it is very suitable for preventing the formation of nitrosamines.

Niacinamide:
Vitamin B3: Stabilizes the skin barrier, promotes the formation of ceramides, fatty acids, chilesterol, glycosylceramides, reduces transepidermal water loss, normalizes pigment irregularities, acts against premature skin ageing.

Lactic Acid:
Lactic acid. Occurs as a metabolic product in the body and on the skin, has a peeling effect on the horny layer in higher concentrations and at a low pH value of 2 to 3, supports the moisture content in buffered form (physiological pH value of the skin approx. 5.5) and preserves the skin's protective acid mantle.

Sodium Hyaluronate:
Sodium salt of hyaluronic acid. Natural moisturiser with skin-smoothing properties, important natural component of the lower skin layers (dermis). Formerly produced from rooster combs, now produced in better quality by biotechnology.

Allantoin:
Allantoin is a body-identical, water-soluble substance and is chemically related to urea. It is found in various plants but is now produced synthetically for use in cosmetics. Its most important property is the stimulation of new cell formation. It promotes collagen formation, skin regeneration and wound healing, stimulates desquamation, smoothes the skin and can have a soothing effect on atopic dermatitis.

Sodium Hydroxide:
Sodium hydroxide. Used to adjust the pH value of cosmetic products. Sodium and hydroxide ions are identical to the body.